Redirects

301 Redirects (Permanent)

301 redirects signal to search engines that a URL has been permanently moved to a new address. They transfer 99% of link power and are the gold standard for SEO migrations.

302 Redirects (Temporary)

302 redirects indicate that a URL has been temporarily moved to another address. They transfer no link power and should only be used for short-term redirects.

307 and 308 Redirects

• 307: Temporary, preserves HTTP method
• 308: Permanent, preserves HTTP method

1. 1:1 Mapping

Each old URL is mapped exactly to one new URL. This is the cleanest method, but not always practical.

2. Category Mapping

Multiple similar URLs are consolidated into a category page.

/old-product-1/ → /products/category-a/
/old-product-2/ → /products/category-a/
/old-product-3/ → /products/category-b/

3. Wildcard Mapping

Dynamic URLs are redirected using patterns.

/blog/* → /articles/*
/shop/category/* → /products/*/category/*

Common Chain Scenarios

1. A → B → C: Old URL redirects to intermediate URL, which in turn redirects to final URL
2. Meta-Refresh Chains: Multiple meta-refresh tags in sequence
3. JavaScript Chains: Multiple JavaScript redirects

Chain Detection Methods

Apache (.htaccess)

# 301 Redirect
Redirect 301 /old-page/ /new-page/

# 302 Redirect
Redirect 302 /temporary/ /maintenance/

# Wildcard Redirect
RedirectMatch 301 ^/blog/(.*)$ /articles/$1

# Domain Redirect
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^olddomain\.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://newdomain.com/$1 [R=301,L]

Nginx

# 301 Redirect
location /old-page/ {
    return 301 /new-page/;
}

# Domain Redirect
server {
    server_name olddomain.com;
    return 301 https://newdomain.com$request_uri;
}

PHP Redirects

<?php
// 301 Redirect
header("HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently");
header("Location: https://example.com/new-page/");
exit();
?>

1. Check HTTP Status Code

curl -I https://example.com/old-page/
# Expected: HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently

2. Validate Final URL

curl -L https://example.com/old-page/
# Should redirect to correct target URL

3. Test Link Power Transfer

• Google Search Console: Check Coverage Report
• Ahrefs/SEMrush: Monitor backlink transfer
• Run PageRank simulations

1. Wrong Status Codes

• 302 instead of 301 for permanent moves
• 200 instead of 301 for URL changes
• Missing status codes

2. Redirect Loops

• A → B → A circle
• Wildcard conflicts
• Server configuration errors

3. Lost Parameters

• UTM parameters are lost
• Session IDs are not transferred
• Query strings are truncated

4. Mobile vs Desktop Inconsistencies

• Different redirects for different user agents
• Responsive design problems
• Touch vs desktop URLs

1. Google Search Console

• Coverage Report for redirect errors
• URL Inspection Tool for individual tests
• Performance monitoring for target URLs

2. Analyze Server Logs

• 404 errors after redirect implementation
• Crawl budget optimization
• User-agent specific problems

3. Backlink Monitoring

• Ahrefs/SEMrush for link transfer
• Identify lost backlinks
• New backlinks on target URLs

1. Planning

• Create complete URL list
• Prefer 1:1 mapping
• Use wildcards sparingly

2. Implementation

• 301 for permanent changes
• Avoid chains
• Prefer server-level redirects

3. Testing

• Test all redirects manually
• Use automated tools
• Check mobile and desktop

4. Monitoring

• Monitor GSC regularly
• Minimize 404 errors
• Keep an eye on performance